RESUMO
Factors that influence school achievement in very-low-birth-weight (< 1,500 g) children were investigated at the completion of first grade. The subjects were 71 children and their primary caregivers. Thirty-nine children were very low birth weight (VLBW) and 32 were normal birth weight (NBW). After controlling for birth weight status, over one third of the variance in children's school achievement was accounted for by the age of the child's mother when she began childbearing. Birth weight status accounted for significant amounts of variance in information processing skills. Significantly more children in the VLBW group required special services and fewer were promoted to second grade, although the difference was not significant.
Assuntos
Logro , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Peso ao Nascer , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Mães/estatística & dados numéricos , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Estudos Prospectivos , Testes Psicológicos , Análise de Regressão , Meio Social , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to investigate parental perception of vulnerability, parental subjective stress concerning children's premature birth, and child temperament in families of very low birth weight (VLBW) and normal birth weight (NBW) children. The subjects were 39 VLBW children and 30 NBW 7-year-old children and their caregivers. Data on child temperament and parental perception of vulnerability was provided by the 69 families. Families of the VLBW group rated their degree of current stress concerning their children's premature birth. There were no differences between the NBW and VLBW caregivers in their perceptions of their child's vulnerability status. Caregivers of VLBW children had significantly lower scores on degree of subjective stress specific to the premature birth than the value reported on the standardization population. Child temperament made a significant contribution to parental perception of child vulnerability status in both VLBW and NBW parents.
Assuntos
Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso/psicologia , Psicologia da Criança , Temperamento , Peso ao Nascer , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Pais/psicologia , Testes Psicológicos/métodos , Testes Psicológicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estresse Psicológico/psicologiaRESUMO
This paper describes factors that have influenced how investigators have conceptualized studies of low-birth-weight children and provides information on critically evaluating and interpreting results of research studies. Major findings concerning personality, temperament, and cognitive development during the preschool years of the low-birth-weight infants and their school achievement and behavior are summarized. Suggestions also are made for strengthening future studies.
Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Infantil , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/normas , Criança , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Estudos Longitudinais , Projetos de Pesquisa/normasRESUMO
Thirty-four very low birth weight (VLBW) 6-year olds and 31 normal birth weight (NBW) 6-year olds were assessed for visual acuity, binocular vision, and ocular muscle balance. Significantly more of the children in the VLBW group failed the tests of binocular vision and ocular muscle balance. Failure in tests of binocular vision was associated with higher numbers of days on mechanical ventilation and higher number of days in the intensive care nursery during the first months of life.
